Nat­ur­al lan­guage seman­tics: for­ma­tion and val­u­a­tion
An intro­duc­tion to nat­ur­al lan­guage seman­tics that offers an overview of the empir­i­cal domain and an expla­na­tion of the math­e­mat­i­cal con­cepts that under­pin the dis­ci­pline.
This text­book offers a com­pre­hen­sive intro­duc­tion to the fun­da­men­tals of those approach­es to nat­ur­al lan­guage seman­tics that use the insights of log­ic. Many oth­er texts on the sub­ject focus on pre­sent­ing a par­tic­u­lar the­o­ry of nat­ur­al lan­guage seman­tics. This text instead offers an overview of the empir­i­cal domain (drawn large­ly from stan­dard descrip­tive gram­mars of Eng­lish) as well as the math­e­mat­i­cal tools that are applied to it. Read­ers are shown where the con­cepts of log­ic apply, where they fail to apply, and where they might apply, if suit­ably adjust­ed.
The pre­sen­ta­tion of log­ic is com­plete­ly self-con­tained, with con­cepts of log­ic used in the book pre­sent­ed in all the nec­es­sary detail. This includes propo­si­tion­al log­ic, first order pred­i­cate log­ic, gen­er­al­ized quan­ti­fi­er the­o­ry, and the Lam­bek and Lamb­da cal­culi. The chap­ters on log­ic are paired with chap­ters on Eng­lish gram­mar. For exam­ple, the chap­ter on propo­si­tion­al log­ic is paired with a chap­ter on the gram­mar of coor­di­na­tion and sub­or­di­na­tion of Eng­lish claus­es; the chap­ter on pred­i­cate log­ic is paired with a chap­ter on the gram­mar of sim­ple, inde­pen­dent Eng­lish claus­es; and so on.The book includes more than five hun­dred exer­cis­es, not only for the math­e­mat­i­cal con­cepts intro­duced, but also for their appli­ca­tion to the analy­sis of nat­ur­al lan­guage. The lat­ter exer­cis­es include some aimed at help­ing the read­er to under­stand how to for­mu­late and test hypothe­ses.
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Writ­ing slums: Dublin, dirt and lit­er­a­ture
Dublin’s slums were once con­sid­ered the worst in Europe. The city’s ten­e­ments were omnipresent and their inhab­i­tants were plagued by pover­ty. Illu­mi­nat­ing the intri­cate rela­tion­ship between the «dirty» cityscape and Dublin lit­er­a­ture from 1880 to 1920, this sem­i­nal book offers new socio-his­tor­i­cal, cul­tur­al and polit­i­cal insights into one of the most inter­est­ing peri­ods of Irish lit­er­a­ture and his­to­ry.
As well as delin­eat­ing the char­ac­ter­is­tics of Dublin slum lit­er­a­ture as a genre, the book chal­lenges gen­er­al assump­tions about the Lit­er­ary Revival as a main­ly rur­al move­ment and dis­cuss­es rep­re­sen­ta­tions of slums in a vari­ety of texts by «Alpha and Omega», James Con­nol­ly, Fan­nie Gal­la­her, May Laf­fan, Seu­mas O’Sullivan, Fred­er­ick Ryan, James Stephens, Katharine Tynan and many oth­ers. In addi­tion, it reassess­es W. B. Yeats’s and James Joyce’s lit­er­ary geneal­o­gy in the con­text of the urban lit­er­ary-his­tor­i­cal dis­course and analy­ses the impact of slums on their writ­ing strate­gies. This work will be essen­tial read­ing for schol­ars and stu­dents of Irish lit­er­a­ture and cul­tur­al his­to­ry.
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