Mak­ing data: mate­ri­al­iz­ing dig­i­tal infor­ma­tion
For many out­side of the sci­en­tif­ic com­mu­ni­ty, big data and the forms it takes, such as sta­tis­ti­cal lists, spread­sheets and graphs, often seem abstract and unin­tel­li­gi­ble. This book inves­ti­gates how dig­i­tal fab­ri­ca­tion and tra­di­tion­al mak­ing approach­es are being used to present data in new­ly engag­ing and inter­est­ing ways.
The first part of the book intro­duces the basic premise of the data object and the con­cept of mak­ing dig­i­tal data into a phys­i­cal form. Con­trib­u­tors cov­er top­ics such as bio­met­rics, new tech­nol­o­gy, the eco­nom­ics of data and open and com­mu­ni­ty uses of data. The sec­ond part presents a selec­tion of exem­plar forms and con­texts for the appli­ca­tion of data-objects, such as smart sur­faces, smart cities, aug­ment­ed real­i­ty tech­niques and next gen­er­a­tion tech­ni­cal inter­faces that blend phys­i­cal and dig­i­tal ele­ments.
Mak­ing Data deliv­ers the impor­tance and like­ly future preva­lence of phys­i­cal rep­re­sen­ta­tions of data. It explores the cre­ative meth­ods, process­es, the­o­ries and cul­tur­al his­to­ries of mak­ing phys­i­cal rep­re­sen­ta­tions of infor­ma­tion and pro­pos­es that the mak­ing of data into phys­i­cal objects is the next impor­tant devel­op­ment in the data visu­al­i­sa­tion phe­nom­e­non.
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Graph Data-Mod­els and Seman­tic Web Tech­nolo­gies in Schol­ar­ly Dig­i­tal Edit­ing
This vol­ume is based on the select­ed papers pre­sent­ed at the Work­shop on Schol­ar­ly Dig­i­tal Edi­tions, Graph Data-Mod­els and Seman­tic Web Tech­nolo­gies, held at the Uni­ver­si­ty of Lau­sanne in June 2019.
The Work­shop com­prised two full days of vibrant dis­cus­sions among the invit­ed speak­ers, the authors of the select­ed papers, and oth­er participants.1 The accep­tance rate fol­low­ing the open call for papers was around 60%. All authors – both select­ed and invit­ed speak­ers – were asked to pro­vide a short paper two months before the Work­shop. The authors were then paired up, and each pair exchanged papers. Paired authors pre­pared ques­tions for one anoth­er, which were to be addressed dur­ing the talks at the Work­shop; in this way, con­ver­sa­tions start­ed well before the Work­shop itself.
After the Work­shop, the papers under­went a sec­ond round of peer-review before inclu­sion in this vol­ume. This time, the rel­e­vance of the papers was not under dis­cus­sion, but review­ers were asked to appraise spe­cif­ic aspects of each con­tri­bu­tion, such as its orig­i­nal­i­ty or lev­el of inno­va­tion, its method­olog­i­cal accu­ra­cy and knowl­edge of the lit­er­a­ture, as well as more for­mal para­me­ters such as com­plete­ness, clar­i­ty, and coher­ence.
The bib­li­og­ra­phy of all of the papers is col­lect­ed in the pub­lic Zotero group library GraphSDE20192, which has been used to gen­er­ate the ref­er­ence list for each con­tri­bu­tion in this vol­ume.
The invit­ed speak­ers came from a wide range of back­grounds (aca­d­e­m­ic, com­mer­cial, and research insti­tu­tions) and rep­re­sent­ed the dif­fer­ent actors involved in the reme­di­a­tion of our cul­tur­al her­itage in the form of graphs and/or in a seman­tic web en- viron­ment. Georg Vogel­er (Uni­ver­si­ty of Graz) and Ronald Haen­t­jens Dekker (Roy­al Dutch Acad­e­my of Sci­ences, Human­i­ties Clus­ter) brought the Dig­i­tal Human­i­ties research per­spec­tive; the work of Hans Cools and Rober­ta Lau­ra Padli­na (Uni­ver­si­ty of Basel, Nation­al Infra­struc­ture for Edi­tions), as well as of Tobias Schweiz­er and Sepi­deh Alas­si (Uni­ver­si­ty of Basel, Dig­i­tal Human­i­ties Lab), focused on infra­struc­tur­al chal­lenges and the devel­op­ment of con­cep­tu­al and soft­ware frame­works to sup­port researchers’ needs; Michele Pasin’s con­tri­bu­tion (Dig­i­tal Sci­ence, Springer Nature) was informed by his expe­ri­ences in both aca­d­e­m­ic research, and in com­mer­cial tech­nol­o­gy com­pa­nies that pro­vide ser­vices for the sci­en­tif­ic com­mu­ni­ty. The Work­shop fea­tured not only the papers of the select­ed authors and of the invit­ed speak­ers, but also moments of dis­cus­sion between inter­est­ed par­tic­i­pants. In addi­tion to the com­mon Q&A time, dur­ing the sec­ond day one entire ses­sion was allo­cat­ed to work­ing groups delv­ing into top­ics that had emerged dur­ing the Work­shop. Four work­ing groups were cre­at­ed, with four to sev­en par­tic­i­pants each, and each group pre­sent­ed a short report at the end of the ses­sion. Four themes were dis­cussed: enhanc­ing TEI from doc­u­ments to data; ontolo­gies for the Human­i­ties; tools and infra­struc­tures; and tex­tu­al crit­i­cism. All of these themes are rep­re­sent­ed in this vol­ume.
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